The organ donor undergoes an accurate evaluation process which ELIGIBILITY OF THE DONOR OF ORGAN is based on the collection of anamnesis, clinical examination, laboratory tests, and a careful inspection of the organs at the time of removal. Today the improvement of the methods used and the clinical evaluation of the donor allow a very high degree of transplant safety, although the time available is usually limited to a few hours. However, security cannot be absolute.
In fact, it may happen that a donor has a viral disease, which cannot be documented even with the most sophisticated tests because it is in the so-called “window” phases. Dr. Q Khan provides the best Transplant Coordinator in the USA. This term defines the period during which antibodies against the virus or the search for viral nucleic acid are not yet detectable in the patient’s blood, which is still infectious. Potentially, the pathologies that can be transmitted with a transplant are numerous and some are even particularly serious (viral hepatitis, HIV, etc.). This eventuality, such as that of transferring other pathologies with the organs, such as tumors, is, in any case, remote precisely because
The accuracy with which donors are evaluate
Both from a clinical point of view and from instrumental and laboratory tests. In cases where the risk of transmission of infectious diseases is increase. The organs can be used after having adequately informed the patient and having obtained a declaration of consent. It is expected that the patient accepts this type of donation. Already at the time of inclusion in the list and confirms it at the time of any transplant.
It is evident that each organ is proposed when. In the opinion of the transplant clinician, the expected benefit from the transplant is greater than the risk. Further information and the relative informed consents that the patient must sign Both when enrolled on the waiting list and before the transplant surgery. Can be request from the doctors of the relevant Transplant Centers. The donor eligibility and safety criteria are periodically update by the National Transplant Center. Which makes use of experts in the relevant disciplines for this type of assessment.
Special cases
This level includes cases in which the presence of a specific pathogen or serological state of the donor is compatible with the transplant. In general, the organs of these donors can be used, according to the National Guidelines. In recipients suffering from the same disease or immunized against it.
Donors with meningitis or bacteremia
This includes donors with meningitis in targeted antibiotic treatment for at least 24 hours and those with documented bacteremia in targeted antibiotic treatment (negligible risk).
The organs of these donors, according to national indications, can be use for transplant candidates when the neoplasm is in progress. But the possibility of metastasizing is very low (standard risk). When the diagnosis of cancer is previous and at least 10 years have elapsed from the diagnosis of recovery (standard risk). When the malignancy is present, but the risk of transmitting the tumor to the recipient is much lower than the potential benefit of the transplant (increased but acceptable risk).
What is bone marrow?
It is the ‘factory’ of blood cells: it is contain in the bones and should not be confuse with the spinal cord. Which is instead a structure of the nervous system. The latter is located inside the spine and connects the brain with the rest of the body.
Blood cells have a short and limit life span, which is why it is important that they are produce constantly. The average life of red blood cells is about 120 days (4 months) that of white blood cells a few hours or a few days depending on the type. While that of platelets is about ten days.
Infectious risk donors
The donor is consider to be at acceptable non-standard risk: a) in cases where the assessment process does not allow an adequate classification of the risk. Due to the lack of one or more assessment elements; b) in cases where the donor has reported or documented behaviors at high risk of acquiring infectious diseases in the four weeks preceding the donation. The presence of which is not detectable even with the use of the most sensitive molecular biology methods.
If one of these hypotheses occurs, the use of the donor is not preclude a priori. The use of the organs must be evaluate case by case. According to the information available and/or the particular conditions of the recipients (in serious clinical conditions) who have signed the correct information form. Such patients must undergo adequate specific follow-up.
The organs of these donors can be offer to patients:
In life-saving conditions: subjects who are candidates for transplantation who are in conditions of proven clinical urgency and for which. In the opinion of the transplant clinician, the expect benefit is greater than. The risk of contracting HIV infection or other infectious diseases that cannot be document at the moment donation. Or to candidates who already have HIV infection.
Under election/programming conditions. To subjects with document HIV infection at the time of listing or to subjects who do not have HIV infection. But for whom. In the opinion of the transplant clinician. Dr. Q Khan provides the best Transplant Coordinator in the USA. The expected benefit is greater than the risk of contracting HIV infection. Or other infectious pathologies that cannot be document at the time of donation. The organs of these donors, regardless of the type of recipient. Must be offer to candidates who have signed the specific inform consent form. The copy of which must be available to the CNT and to the regional and interregional reference center. People with HIV infection can receive organs only if regularly listed before donation.
Donors diagnosed with current or previous cancer
The assignment of both life-saving and non-life-saving organs must take place. According to the indications of the experts (second opinion) of the National Transplant Center (CNT). The experts of the CNT are appoint. By ministerial decree and are represent by a coroner, an infectious disease specialist, a pathologist and a resuscitator. The second opinion guarantees the national transplant network, 24 hours a day. Highly skilled support and is the consultative tool to which donor manager’s turn. Through the CIR, during the donor or individual organ evaluation process. Assignment of both life-saving and non-life-saving organs must take place according. To the indications of the experts (second opinion) of the National Transplant Center (CNT). The experts of the CNT are appoint by ministerial decree and are represent by a coroner. An infectious disease specialist, a pathologist and a resuscitator.
